Information Overload refers to the phenomenon that people can be overwhelmed by an excessive amount of information. This leads to a reduced ability to effectively process relevant information and make decisions based on it.

Due to our modern communication and information technologies, this phenomenon is occurring more and more frequently. In the digital media, in particular, information overload leads to user behavior characterized by high bounce rates, communication breakdowns and frustration.

Origin

The term Information Overload was first coined in the 1960s by the American political scientist Herbert A. Simon, who observed that the amount of information that people can process is limited. Since then, the concept has been further developed in various disciplines and is a central topic in information and communication theory.

  • Simon, H. A. (1971). Design for Information: An Inquiry into the Human Factors in Office Work. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Bawden, D., & Robinson, L. (2009). The dark side of information: Overload, anxiety and other paradoxes and pathologies. Journal of Information Science, 35(2), 180–191.

Application in UX and UI design

In UX and UI design, it is crucial to avoid Information Overload in order to ensure a clear and user-friendly interface. This can be achieved through a clear and user-centered information architecture, minimalist design and the application of principles such as "Progressive Disclosure". By presenting only the most important information at first glance and making additional details available as needed, the cognitive load on users is reduced and the user experience is improved.

Furthermore, the use of visual hierarchies, clear navigation structures and consistent design elements is helpful in structuring the flood of information and enabling users to find their way around easily. The use of filters, search functions and personalized content can also ensure that the provided information is relevant and targeted.

Critics point out that it can be challenging to find the right balance between providing enough information and overwhelming users, especially in complex applications or for different user groups with varying information needs (see also: Tesler's law).

Nevertheless, the controlled and contextual disclosure of information remains an essential aspect of UX/UI design to maximize user effectiveness and satisfaction.

Impact on the User Experience

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Further information